高中英语动词不定式作定语和状语知识点总结&习题小练。高中英语科目里，不定式作定语和状语单元的学习有哪些知识点是一定要重点记忆的？北京中考在线今天将和同学们分享有关这部分的重要知识点，文末还附有习题小练，同学们不妨来试试自己能做对几道题吧~

高中英语动词不定式作定语和状语知识点总结&习题小练

一、动词不定式作定语

动词不定式作定语常放在名词或不定代词后面作后置定语。

1.表将来的动作。

We must find a person to do the job.

我们必须找到一个人来做这项工作。

We need someone to go and get a doctor.

我们需要有人去请医生。

We have much homework to do tonight.

今晚我们有很多作业要做。

The man to give us a talk next week is a scientist.（=who will give us a talk next week）

下周要给我们作报告的人是个科学家。

2.名词前有first, last, next, only等词以及最高级修饰时, 其后要用动词不定式。

She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.她是在奥运会上第一个获得金牌的女选手。

He was the best man to do the job.

他是做这个工作最好的人选。

3.抽象名词

ability, chance, idea, fact, excuse, desire, determination, decision, plan, promise, answer, reply, attempt, belief, way, reason, moment, time等

或不定代词something, nothing等后面常用不定式作后置定语。

Do you have the ability to read and write in English? 你有用英语读和写的能力吗?

She has the desire to do useful work.

她有愿望去做有用的工作。

Let us give him something to eat.

让我们给他一些吃的东西。

注意：动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义：

不定式作定语与被修饰名词构成动宾关系，并且不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语时，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义;但如果不定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语时，需用被动形式。

He found a good house to live in.

他找到了一个居住的好房子。

The child has nothing to worry about. 这个孩子无忧无虑。

I have some homework to do. （主语I做）

我有一些作业要做。

I’m going to Shanghai. Do you have anything to be taken to your parents?（不是主语you做）

我要去上海。你有东西要带给你父母吗?

二、动词不定式作状语

动词不定式在句中作状语, 主要用来修饰动词和形容词, 也可用来修饰副词。在句中, 不定式可作目的状语、原因状语、结果状语等, 可表示目的、原因及结果等。

1.作目的状语:

既可置于句首，也可置于句末。置于句首时用逗号隔开，置于句末时不用逗号隔开，相当于in order to。

He got up early to catch （= in order to catch） the early bus.

To catch （= In order to catch） the early bus, he got up early.

为了赶上早班车，他起得很早。

2.作结果状语:

表示一种意外的结果，常和only连用，只放于句末，既可用逗号隔开，也可不用逗号隔开。

He hurried to the station only to find the train had left. 他匆忙赶到车站，结果发现火车已开走了。

George returned after the war, only to be told that his wife had left him. 乔治战争后回到家，结果被告知妻子已经离开了。

3.系表结构后跟不定式作状语：

be +adj.+ to do可以作原因或结果状语。

I’m sorry to hear that your mother is ill. 听到你母亲生病真遗憾。

He is old enough to go to school. 他到了上学年龄了。

He is so old as to go to school. 他到了上学年龄了。

The water is not fit to drink. 这水不宜喝。

4.作宾补的形容词后跟不定式作状语。

I find the book easy to understand.我发现这本书很好懂。

Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier to break into small pieces.

汤姆问糖果制造商能否把巧克力做得更容易扳成小块。

注意：

1.不定式作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。

To learn English well, he needs a good dictionary. （正确） （不定式的逻辑主语和句子的主语he一致）

To learn English well, a good dictionary is needed. （错误）（不定式的逻辑主语与句子的逻辑主语a good dictionary不一致）

2.现在分词作结果状语，常和thus连用，表示“自然而然的结果”;不定式作结果状语，常和only连用，表示“出乎意料的结果”。The bus was held up by the snowstorm, （thus） causing the delay. （自然而然的结果）

He went to see his aunt, （only） to find her gone. （出乎意料的结果）

3.动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义：

在“be+形容词+不定式”结构中。如果不定式的宾语就是句子的主语，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。常见的形容词有：easy, hard, difficult, interesting, nice, heavy, pleasant, comfortable, safe, dangerous, impossible等。

This machine is very easy to operate.这个机器很容易操作。

These problems are hard to work out.这些问题很难解决。

This kind of fish is nice to eat. 这种鱼很好吃。

The suit is too large to wear. 衣服太大没法穿

【巩固练习】

用所给单词的适当形式填空

1.The airport ________ （complete） next year will help promote tourism in this area.

2.The best way __________ （improve） your English is to join an English club.

3.Some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream________（explore）space.

4.—The last one________（ arrive ）pays the meal. —Agreed!

5.On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world ________（go） into space.

6.With the world changing fast, we have something new________（deal ）with all by ourselves every day.

7.A group of young people got together ________（ discuss） this question.

8.First of all, you must be intelligent enough________（ get） a related college degree.

9.He got up late and hurried to his office,________（leave）the breakfast untouched.

10.Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only______ （ find）it didn’t fit.

11.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad ______（find） them alive.

12.The question was very difficult ________（answer）.

13.The box is light enough ________（ carry）.

14._________（work out） the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.

15.________（learn） more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.

【参考答案】

1. to be completed 2. to improve 3. to explore 4. toarrive 5. to go 6. to deal 7. to discuss 8. to get 9 . leaving 10. to find 11. to find 12. to answer 13. to carry 14. To work out 15. To learn

高中英语动词不定式作定语和状语知识点总结&习题小练的内容北京中考在线就和大家分享到这里，同学们在熟悉这些基本的语法知识以后再去做练习题，逐渐巩固知识点，这样记忆也会更加深刻。

温馨提示：如想了解更多初中学习资料、升学信息招考政策，请关注太星初升高微信公众平台：BJ_zkao。

关注后就有机会获得太星初升高团队一对一答疑机会。

微信扫一扫，快速关注

▼▼▼

声明：本文部分内容来源于高中英语教学资源，由北京中考在线团队（微信公众号：BJ_zkao）排版编辑， 如有侵权，请联系管理员删除。